Re: What's the Dealio with initrd, etc/fstab, initrd.img inittab, vmlinuz, grub and partitions ???
- From: Douglas Mayne <doug@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2006 08:48:17 -0700
On Fri, 24 Feb 2006 07:00:47 -0800, iforone wrote:
Doing my best folks to find out the inter-operability about these
things...
I would like to post some output of files, but I want to be brief in my
initial post --
Really? ;-)
Allow me to preface with system info, and install and kernel info;
SYSTEM;
PII, 350MHz / Intel 440BX / 192MB RAM /AGP nVidia TNT Pro(32MB)/
PCI Ethernet NIC / PCI 3Com USRobotic Winmodem / Onboard Ensoniq
AudioPCI 64D SB emulation / USB 1.1 only (onboard) / etc...
Not enough horsepower (CPU and RAM) for KDE to run smoothly.
<snip>
HDDs / ODDs;
1x 80GB P-ATA/IDE (hda)
1x DVD-ROM (hdc)
1x CD-RW (hdd)
hmmm.....just noticed that hda2 (Ext'd) is listed as "Primary" (what up
with that?) -- maybe that's why you can only have 3 Prim [+] 1 Ext'd ?
Here are the basic rules for disc partitioning (in the PC world):
1. There can be a maximum of 4 primary partitions.
2. Windows likes to be on partition 1
3. A primary partition can be assigned to be an "extended partition."
4. An extended partiton can contain more partition entries (not limited
to 4). Partitions within the extended partition are referred to as
"logical partitions."
<snip>
I installed answering Deb installer, and I have a Root with password
and a User with password -- so where am I going wrong, ...My HDD is
thrashing something fierce - I know that 192MB is low, and I'm getting
muchmore real soon for this box, but win98 doesn't behave like this at
all...and I realize partitions that are closer to the spindle give much
less performance the closer you get, but not like this. Is it because
of the many various partitions?, or are my /usr /home /var not being
used correctly as owner,userid ?? (i.e; is the system
using/writing/accessing area of the disk it shouldn't have to to obtain
the files and apps it needs - should I've been more concerned with
where /tmp resides ?)
I'm using GRUB - I used grub-install and
I can NOT see any hidden files (the ones that begin with .) in
Konquerer at all.
Ina File Browser (knoquerer) - (btw; I can't figure how to fire-up
OTHER windows/file managers for testing them out..there's a ton in here
somewhere, that I saw. I have no idea where to find things, though I've
been noticing the many(?) symbolic links are certainly doing their job
when I'm in Konsole or Terminal...and I can easily see and open every
file from konsole, but it'd help me to be able to see ALL files in
Konquerer. (I have to use sudo for many things). I noticed some files I
browse to in Konquerer have Lock Icons over them, and I cannot open,
nor access those Directories or Files.
How can I best set up my partitions for Linux? (don't say delete 98,
it's not relevant right now -- besides I have another exact-duplicate
80GB'er, Brand new HDD, sitting in a box, but until I get my new
PSU...you know). I thought having separte: /, /home, /usr, /var, would
be a good thing - what's the Advantages??
Will I be able to Save my settings/tweaks/bookmarks, etc IF I change my
partitioning scheme ? (goodness, this is why I needed to install in the
1st place; rather than LiveCD -- I could not STAND it always losing my
settings and not listening).
I've read man initrd (and many others); It seems I'm booting to initrd
rather than the kernel ?? I have nothing (no /linux) in /usr/src/ :-(
Here's the relevant info from /boot/grub/menu/lst (I added acpi & apm
entries recently - and once I did, I FINALLY had the 4 choices -->
logout of session/shutdown/restart/cancel - rather than the logout only
choice, whew!)..all from within KDE -- BTW, I have x-window-system-core
installed, and also ALL of KDE, KDM stuff. I am using kdm now, not xdm,
and finally, all my settings are sticking.
Note: comment inline.
Dang......I'm sorry - this got way long already....
Ok - that's enough for now (I have much mmuch more to discuss about
acpi, apm, pcmcia, lsmod, modprobe, etc).
Any help at all *on just 1 aspect* will be appreciated.
Please ask any necessary questions, and I'll merrily post the info.
Thanks in advance ;)
Caveat: I am not running Debian.
The main problem you are having is performance? I would expect that
machine to have trouble with KDE. Personally, I find that KDE has too
much "eye-candy" for my taste.
You can change the default window manager globally (for every user on your
machine), or locally (for an individual user). I am not sure of the exact
specifics of Debian for the global change, but start by looking in the
directory /etc/X11/xinit. On my system there is a symbolic link, xinitrc,
in that directory which points to the global default.
To change it locally (for one user), copy a file from that directory to
the user's home directory, as appropriate. For example, to switch to the
blackbox window manager, I would type this command:
doug@localhost$ cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.blackbox ~/.xinitrc
Partitions...
AFAIK, the original idea for allowing multiple partitions to be mounted as
directories (/home, /usr) was to allow multiple devices to be used. That
way, the 4G needed for /usr could be assigned to a 4G SCSI disk. This
detail is less important now, because of the dramatic increase in disk
size. There is still one obvious exception for continued use of disk
partitioning- it is useful for your /home directory to be on a partition
by itself. That way, your files are segregated from the OS and this
creates three classes of backups: /home only, OS only, or combined
complete backup.
--
Douglas Mayne
.
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